Stage 4: Overt proteinuria

出自KMU Wiki

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  • 10-15th year
  • Dipstick (+) proteinuria
    • Proteinuria >500 mg/day
    • Macroalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion>300 mg/day)
  • Nephrotic syndrome
  • Hyperkalemia
    • type IV RTA
  • Hypertension
  • A consequence of DN and a risk factor for the progression of DN
  • Progressive GFR ↓
    • 50% become ESRD within 5-10 yrs
  • "Normally sized” kidneys even in chronic renal failure
  • Diabetic retinopathy
    • 90% in type 1 DM
    • 60% in type 2 DM
  • Bland urinary sediment
取自"http://wiki.kmu.edu.tw/index.php/Stage_4:_Overt_proteinuria"