Detour to Paradise
出自KMU Wiki
貧窮創新 蕭富元等著 天下雜誌
- 金磚四國之一的印度----就像是件色彩繽紛的沙麗一般,充滿謎樣色彩,讓人想一窺它的神秘面紗。
- 而這個文明古國巳不盡然如我們刻板印象是如此落後與貧窮,現在的印度巳隨著時間的刻痕在歲月中悄然改變,其發展潛力實在不容小覷。現今印度
是個充滿矛盾與對比的社會,在同一個空氣氛圍下可以並存著跑車與牛車、高樓與村舍、草率與效率的對立,其在經濟及科技的發展更是令人眼睛為之一亮。 近年來印度在科技及經濟上均有所嶄獲,尤其像在電腦、tata車或其高科技產品在世界舞台上很難讓人不注意到她的存在。其前任總理辛格曾發下「讓世人忘記上海,記住孟買」的豪願。如今的印度巳讓人牢牢記住,且將其拱上金磚行列的集團也對其前景十分看好。不過在此同時印度讓人訝異的是其現在與古老的對立十分鮮明,在十分摩登的大廈旁就存在著三餐不濟的貧民窟,有著一股荒謬的和諧。在這樣的環境下印度人發展出貧窮創新—破壞式創新,以低價策略來攻佔市場,成功的打開其貿易市場,為其吸引大量外商進駐及賺進大把鈔票。這種破壞式創新將金字塔底端財富理論發揮淋漓盡致,像之前新聞報導印度發展出只要約100元美金的筆記型電腦引起嘩然,其它如全世界最便宜的愛滋病藥物及只有美國四十分之一價格的白內障手術。 如此的創造經濟奇蹟,而吸引更多外商關愛眼光,為其創造更大的經濟奇蹟。而在此時阻礙著印度大步邁進的絆腳石竟是官僚的政府體系,在其積極拓展國際地位及外貿經濟同時,印度卻有一半人口是生活在每天不到一美元的貧民窟,而且政府貪婪官僚的作風讓人倒盡胃口。 其實有遠見的官員心知肚明要讓印度脫離貧窮,在國際舞台上發光發熱,基礎建設不可少,去除貪腐更是一大目標。
- 印度之所以能快速在國際間嶄露頭角是因其獨特的多元並存:二十多種官方語言、多種的宗教信仰、甚至同一條軌道上都有著不同大小的鐡軌,就是
在如此多元的環境下造就出如此神奇的國度,同時也蘊藏人類最本質的心靈,在物質匱乏的窮鄉僻壤間,有著吸引成千上萬印度迷來朝聖的心靈走廊,有位在印度修行超過四十年的法國人安德烈曾說「要是沒有印度,這個世界將貧窮到只剩下物質」,印度的人文、心靈、教育、經貿都是讓人對她的神秘更佳好奇。
- 有人說造訪印度數十次對於印度仍不甚了解,但卻一次比一次更了解自己,所以我想要了解這個神秘的國度,只有待我們自己用心、用體力去探究她
的無限奧密。 開始在印度自助旅行 作者:王瑤琴
- 印度離台灣不遠,卻擁有亞洲最濃烈的異國情調,不僅孕育了偉大的印度文明,更是佛教的發源地,邊陲地區也各自擁有獨特的文化,文化種類之豐
,令人目不暇給。然而由於交通較不發達,一向被視為是自助旅行者的一大挑戰。今年有幸擔任國際醫療志工,前往印度服務,除了希望對當地居民有所貢獻,更希望在工作之餘也能透過旅行,深刻體驗當地的文化。
- 一直以為,所謂的自助旅行,無不就是背著背包、買張機票,世界就可以任我遨遊,然而,看了書才發覺,自助旅行可以帶著輕鬆的心情,過程可一
點也不輕鬆。首先,必須先訂好機票,在各家航空公司琳瑯滿目的價碼中,挑出最經濟實惠的,使有限的旅費得到最有效率的利用。再來必須填妥煩瑣的表格,辦理簽證、護照,一切必備的程序都確定後,還要了解當地的交通路線,規劃適宜的行程,最後也不能忘記了解當地的風土民情、宗教禁忌,如此一來才能有趟盡興的自助之旅。這些看似簡單,實際上都是一門門學問!然而透過作者的簡潔的筆觸,除了可以聽到悠悠的西塔琴聲,聞到撲鼻的咖哩香,看到身著紗麗的印度女子,更使我在短時間了解該如何一步步規劃在印度的旅行,讓這趟服務學習的旅程不僅真實、更有意義。
- 期待這本書將成為我在異鄉的羅盤,帶領我在多彩的印度文化中尋幽訪勝。一方面能夠敞開心胸,一方面也能以最完善的準備,體驗最深切的印度情
調。 Interpreter of maladies 作者:Jhumpa Lahiri 此書是一系列的小故事組成,其中選出較有代表性的一篇來討論。
- The story is set in a city of India, concerning an old woman who is not the tenant of a building but lives there acting as a door-keeper/janitor of the entire
compound. The entire compound accepts her existence for it saves them the cost of keeping a real door-keeper and janitor. The old woman shoos strangers away from the door. One of the tenants becomes rich overnight and renovates the compound as a means of showing his generosity. Workers come in and out of the complex and the old woman can no longer keep strangers out efficiently. At this time the rich tenant’s wife promises the old woman a new mattress, for her old mattress is worn and no longer keeps her warm. The old woman, in anticipation of her new mattress, then allows her old mattress to stay in the rain after hanging it up to aerate that day. The rain spoils the mattress and renders it no longer serviceable in the humid climate of India. The old woman sleeps on old newspapers in anticipation of her new mattress when the rich tenants return from their vacation.
- A series of burglaries disturbs the compound and the residents start blaming the old woman for letting in strangers. The discontent spreads from a
murmur to, eventually, a public expulsion of the old woman from the compound. The old woman is robbed of her last possessions by street children after she leaves the compound, and she walks the streets talking to herself.
- We talked about the old woman’s personal culture – how did she instill herself into the life of the compound? Why did she not defend herself when
they asked her to leave? Is the opulent life of the past that she kept telling people about true? Is she unhappy? Could she have changed her fate?
- And we talked about the culture of the community – the evident high crime rate, the ‘necessary’ benevolence of a neighbor who has suddenly
become rich (for fear of jealousy?), their attitude towards the old woman prior to the burglaries (she was not well loved), the irrationality of the accusation (could this be a reflection of our own environment/ ourselves?), and the inability to empathize with the old woman’s plight (again, she was not well loved).