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- | == APA publication manual == | + | #REDIRECT [[心理實驗法第十七講:如何撰寫報告]] |
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- | * Manuscript | + | |
- | * Expression of ideas | + | |
- | * Unbiased language | + | |
- | * APA editorial style | + | |
- | * Sample | + | |
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- | === Writing style === | + | |
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- | * 以下來自:Sternberg (2003) The psychology companion: | + | |
- | ** Easy-to-read fashion | + | |
- | ** Good scientific writing is creative | + | |
- | ** Clear thinking make clear writing | + | |
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- | * 正確的用語 | + | |
- | ** 不可用 | + | |
- | *** 大部分的情況 | + | |
- | *** 利用智力測驗 | + | |
- | ** 因為 | + | |
- | *** 多少才算是大部分的情況? | + | |
- | *** 用何種智力測驗? | + | |
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- | * 在文獻探討 | + | |
- | ** 邏輯說理過程 | + | |
- | ** 不必也不能搜尋所有相關的文獻 | + | |
- | ** 只要列出密切相關的文獻 | + | |
- | ** 由這些文獻以清楚的邏輯推論出問題所在 | + | |
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- | * 文法上 | + | |
- | ** 正確使用標點符號 | + | |
- | ** 最常見,一段只有一句話。一句超長的句子。 | + | |
- | ** 在一個句子中不要有太多的想法 | + | |
- | ** 也常見想要在一句話中描述所有的想法 | + | |
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- | * 有效的溝通 | + | |
- | ** Clear thinking | + | |
- | ** Skillful writing | + | |
- | ** Correct experiment | + | |
- | ** 課本p.150 muddied writing的例子 | + | |
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- | * Reduce bias | + | |
- | ** Appropriate level of specificity | + | |
- | ** Sensitive to “labels” | + | |
- | ** Acknowledge participation | + | |
- | ** Sexual orientation | + | |
- | ** Racial and ethic identity | + | |
- | ** Disabilities | + | |
- | ** Age | + | |
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- | === Parts of manuscript === | + | |
- | | + | |
- | * Title, author(s), and affiliation | + | |
- | * Abstract | + | |
- | * Introduction | + | |
- | * Method | + | |
- | * Subjects, Apparatus or Materials, Procedure | + | |
- | * Results | + | |
- | * Discussion (summary) | + | |
- | * References | + | |
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- | ==== Title ==== | + | |
- | | + | |
- | * Title | + | |
- | ** 明確且簡短的題目 | + | |
- | *** XXXX在OOOO的效果 | + | |
- | *** XXXX代表獨變項 | + | |
- | *** OOOO代表依變項 | + | |
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- | ==== Abstract ==== | + | |
- | | + | |
- | * 英文120 words之內 | + | |
- | * 中文500字內 | + | |
- | ** Identify | + | |
- | ** Problems | + | |
- | ** Methods | + | |
- | ** Results | + | |
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- | ==== Introduction ==== | + | |
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- | * Historical review | + | |
- | ** 一句話中,不要多過一個研究結果 | + | |
- | * 點出 | + | |
- | ** 重點在那裡 | + | |
- | ** 假設、實驗設計與問題間的關係 | + | |
- | ** 與先前研究間關係 | + | |
- | ** 學術重要性 | + | |
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- | ==== Method ==== | + | |
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- | * 應包含 | + | |
- | ** Design | + | |
- | *** 獨變項、依變項 | + | |
- | ** Participants | + | |
- | ** Apparatus, materials | + | |
- | ** Procedure | + | |
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- | ==== Results ==== | + | |
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- | * 應包含 | + | |
- | ** 實驗取得之資料 | + | |
- | ** 上述資料之統計結果 | + | |
- | ** 應用文字敘述上述兩項 | + | |
- | ** 必要時加入圖、表說明 | + | |
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- | ==== Discussion ==== | + | |
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- | * 應包含 | + | |
- | ** 由結果推論出的 | + | |
- | ** 與先前研究間的異同 | + | |
- | ** 與自己假設間的異同 | + | |
- | ** 對未來的建議 | + | |
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- | ==== References ==== | + | |
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- | * 要符合APA style | + | |
- | ** 正文中所提的文獻必定要列出 | + | |
- | ** 在此列出的文獻,正文中明確指出引用在何處 | + | |
- | ** 最常犯的錯誤就是列了一堆文獻,但不知正文中何處引用過這些文獻 | + | |
- | ** 總之,正文與文獻列表要對應 | + | |
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- | ==== Reporting data ==== | + | |
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- | * 要不要用統計? | + | |
- | ** 至少會用到描述統計 | + | |
- | ** 在心理學中統計很重要 | + | |
- | ** 如果自覺大一統計沒有學好的,請快點自修! | + | |
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- | ==== Statistics ==== | + | |
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- | * Statistical studies | + | |
- | * Descriptive statistics | + | |
- | * Experimental studies | + | |
- | * Inferential statistics | + | |
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- | * 工具 | + | |
- | ** SAS, SPSS | + | |
- | *** Garbage in garbage out | + | |
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- | ==== Bar graphs ==== | + | |
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- | * Bar graphs | + | |
- | ** Case study p.157 | + | |
- | ** Experts vs. novices對人臉及狗臉的辨識 | + | |
- | ** 獨變項:辨識人或狗臉、Experts/novices (small/large sample size)、upright/ inverted | + | |
- | ** 依變項:正確率 | + | |
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- | ==== [[Image:Diamond-carey1986-fig4.png|thumb|right|Bar graphs]] ==== | + | |
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- | ==== Histograms ==== | + | |
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- | * 與bar graphs之使用時機之不同 | + | |
- | ** 獨變項:norminal scale: bar graphs | + | |
- | ** 獨變項:interval/ ratio scale: histograms | + | |
- | * Case study p.158 | + | |
- | ** Digit memory span | + | |
- | ** Functions | + | |
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- | ==== [[Image:Dempster1981fig1.png|thumb|right|Histograms]] ==== | + | |
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- | ==== Illustrations ==== | + | |
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- | * Case studey p.159 | + | |
- | * 介紹特殊之儀器設備,如figure 9.4 | + | |
- | * 介紹特殊之材料,如figure 9.5 | + | |
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- | <br> | + | |
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- | ==== [[Image:Sands-etal1982fig1.png|thumb|right|fig 9.4]] ==== | + | |
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- | [[Image:Sands-etal1982fig9.png|thumb|right|fig 9.5]] | + | |
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- | ==== Sample (162-167) ==== | + | |
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- | * 名詞 | + | |
- | ** Running head | + | |
- | ** Capitalized | + | |
- | ** Centered | + | |
- | ** Indent | + | |
- | ** Double space | + | |
- | ** Margins | + | |
- | ** In press | + | |
- | ** Caption | + | |
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- | [http://wiki.kmu.edu.tw/index.php/%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E6%B3%95 回到心理實驗法] | + | |