Reasoning strategies

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1. Hypothetico-deductive (backward) reasoning
2. Algorithmic (forward) reasoning
3. Pattern recognition
- Expert diagnosticians tend to use pattern recognition and algorithmic thinking, but return to hypothetico-deductive reasoning if the first two strategies are unsuccessful. Novice clinical reasoners tend to use hypothetico-deductive reasoning more often than the other strategies.
Occam's razor: Wikipedia
- When you have two competing theories that make exactly the same predictions, the simpler one is the better
Sutton's law: Wikipedia
- Go where the money is
- Consider the most likely conditions that the patient might have and do those tests first that have the highest liklihood of making the diagnosis the quickest and at the least expense
- Negative finding in a test with a high sensitivity rules out a diagnosis
- Positive finding in a test with a high specificity rules in a diagnosis
NEJM: Educational Strategies to Promote Clinical Diagnostic Reasoning
Primer to the Internal Medicine Clerkship
Diagnoses in General Medicine|
DiagnosisPro
McGraw-Hill’s Diagnosaurus 2.0 on AccessMedicine
BMJ 2009;338:b1860: Errors in clinical reasoning: causes and remedial strategies
Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2008;24:341: Current Trends in Developing Medical Students' Critical Thinking Abilities

 *[http://www.accessmedicine.com/diag.aspx| McGraw-Hill’s Diagnosaurus 2.0 on AccessMedicine]
 *[http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/338/jun08_2/b1860?view=long&pmid=19505957| BMJ 2009;338:b1860: Errors in clinical reasoning: causes and remedial strategies]
-*[http://ajws.elsevier.com/ajws3/abstract.asp?art_id=4564&art_journals=1| Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2008;24:341: Current Trends in Developing Medical Students' Critical Thinking Abilities]
+*[https://ac.els-cdn.com/S1607551X08701311/1-s2.0-S1607551X08701311-main.pdf?_tid=0fa3962d-eae5-4be9-8e61-b281bfabdf77&acdnat=1521019662_8f53f85db7fd3d675a663408be840d29| Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2008;24:341: Current Trends in Developing Medical Students' Critical Thinking Abilities]